I’ve been meaning to share this for a while – if you haven’t read it, and are interested in keyword research, or are wondering what keyword research tools are out there, this is a great article about one of the pillars of successful seo.
Check it out *** The Ultimate Guide To Keyword Research by Hobo guest poster Glen Allsopp of Viper Chill. It might well be….
If you are new to SEO, keyword research is where you start your SEO – BEFORE you do just about anything else. Don’t forget Aaron Wall’s introduction to keyword research on the Hobo blog, too. We actually have a few useful articles in our keyword research archive too….
I’ll be testing out some more keyword research tools after my holiday (hence why comments are off).
Keyword Research
TweetKeyword research is a pivotal aspect of SEO. Through keyword research, you can discover valuable keyword opportunities your business can 1. rank for and 2. profit from. We’ve discussed keyword research a few times on the Hobo site, presented here on this topic page.
Keyword Research Tips & Software
Shaun Anderson: in Keyword Research.
Small Business Online Marketing Plan – Part 1: Content Ideas With Keyword Research Tools
Shaun Anderson: in Google SEO. (2 Comments)
A Small Business Online Marketing Plan – Part 1: Finding Ideas With Free Keyword Research Tools
If you are a small business, you should realise that getting traffic from Google comes down to, without being over-complicated, two things.
A marketing plan based on:
- Content on your website, and
- Links from other websites to yours
The latter, linkbuilding, can be fraught with risks and involve a lot of effort. The former requires even more of an effort, and you need to plod along publishing tons of content on your site while your competitors apparently take the top spots in Google for valuable one and two keyword phrases. It’s worth pointing out i am an SEO, and with this site, I choose a content strategy with this site, because I could see the longevity of it as a defensible strategy.
Words on Webpages
At a very basic level, it’s words in your page titles and words on your web pages determine what traffic you will get from Google.
Identifying Your Target Audience
I know there’s two different visitors visiting this page at least from Google. Those looking for someone to do it for them, and those looking to to it themselves. The latter will find out how to it regardless of wether I publish or not. The former won’t have much of a chance of finding us if I don’t. These folk we help might share the page on Twitter, or Facebook, and help the page pick up editorial links, so in time, it ranks in Google for something like ‘small business marketing plan’ or whatever. For sure, I will pick up one or two sales from this page, over it’s lifetime, so it’s worth spending a few hours writing it.
Google Suggest
Keyword research is an art when considering the level of opportunity for a term, but at the very least, a quick look at even Google search box activates a wealth of information for the small business (I’ll use the term ‘small business’ to show what I mean).
As you type, Google Suggest returns search queries based on other users’ search activities. These searches are algorithmically determined based on a number of purely objective factors (including popularity of search terms) without human intervention. All of the queries shown in Suggest have been typed previously by other Google users. The Suggest dataset is updated frequently to offer fresh and rising search queries. In addition, if you’re signed in to your Google Account and have Web History enabled, you’ll see search queries from relevant searches that you’ve done in the past.
A quick over at Bing can also produce ideas based on what people are searching for:
I’ll use Google to illustrate, but when you refine your search, you will also get refined keyword ideas for your small business.
Using the Google Keyword Tool you can quickly determine a more stable set of keywords, and while the numbers are probably far from accurate, they are usually listed by some sense of popularity.
Of course, I am interested in targeting more small business marketing phrases, so a quick check of the keyword tool and I can see the sort of keywords driving the most traffic, those that might be valuable, and those that might be very relevant to my site or otherwise….
Keyword Competition Global Monthl Local Monthly Estimated Avg. CPC small business marketing 0.62 60500 40500 $6.08 small business marketing idea 0.59 5400 2900 $4.77 small business marketing ideas 0.61 4400 2900 $4.51 small business marketing consultant 0.74 3600 2400 $7.27 small business marketing strategies 0.6 4400 2400 $5.60 small business marketing consulting 0.74 3600 2400 $4.98 small business marketing strategy 0.6 4400 2400 $4.29 online small business marketing 0.68 2900 1900 $8.06 small business marketing consultants 0.71 2900 1900 $6.58 small business marketing plans 0.5 2900 1900 $5.68 small business marketing tactics 0.66 2900 1900 $0.05 small business marketing online 0.68 2900 1900 $0.00 small business marketing plan 0.45 1900 1300 $6.52 small business marketing tip 0.51 2400 1300 $4.83 small business marketing tips 0.49 1900 1000 $3.61 small business marketing technique 0.42 1600 880 $6.42 small business marketing tools 0.84 1000 720 $8.02 small business marketing tool 0.84 1000 720 $10.24 small business marketing research 0.54 1000 590 $5.28 small business marketing service 0.56 1300 590 $10.86 small business marketing firms 0.61 880 590 $0.05 small business marketing services 0.56 1000 480 $7.54 local small business marketing 0.41 720 480 $6.68 small business marketing help 0.83 880 480 $4.67 small business marketing solution 0.57 720 480 $11.71 free small business marketing 0.5 880 480 $0.05 small business marketing help marketing for small business 0.83 880 480 $0.05 small business marketing advertising 0.65 590 390 $5.53 small business marketing and advertising 0.65 590 390 $4.61 small business marketing firm 0.61 720 390 $4.46 small business marketing blogs 0.51 720 390 $0.05 small business marketing companies 0.61 590 390 $0.05 small business marketing company 0.61 590 390 $0.05 small business marketing materials 0.9 480 390 $0.05 small business marketing material 0.9 480 390 $0.05 small business marketing resource 0.64 480 320 $8.94 small business marketing blog 0.52 480 320 $3.64 small business marketing articles 0.46 390 320 $0.05 small business marketing article 0.46 390 320 $0.05 small business marketing resources 0.64 480 320 $0.05 small business marketing advice 0.46 480 260 $5.38 small business marketing solutions 0.63 390 260 $0.05 best small business marketing 0.72 390 260 $0.05 small business marketing product 0.8 320 260 $0.05 small business marketing software 0.85 390 260 $0.05 small business marketing course 0.85 260 170 $5.35 small business marketing magic 0.52 170 170 $3.96 small business marketing bible 0.47 260 170 $2.57 small business marketing expert 0.29 210 170 $0.05 free small business marketing ideas 0.38 260 170 $0.05 small business marketing coach 0.54 210 170 $0.05 small business marketing coaching 0.54 210 170 $0.05 small business marketing courses 0.85 260 170 $0.05 small business marketing assistance 0.17 140 140 $0.05 small business marketing budget 0.35 210 140 $0.05 small business marketing success 0.53 210 140 $0.05 small business marketing plan examples 0.57 260 140 $0.05 small business marketing agency 0.63 210 140 $0.05 cost small business marketing 0.63 170 140 $0.05 small business marketing packages 0.71 210 140 $0.05 small business marketing products 0.84 210 140 $0.05 small business marketing books 0.39 170 110 $0.05 small business marketing techniques 0.76 210 110 $0.05 small business marketing videos 0.76 170 110 $0.05 small business marketing atlanta 0.9 110 110 $0.05 small business marketing plan sample 0.56 210 110 $0.00 small business marketing guide 0.3 170 91 $0.05 small business marketing forums 0.41 170 91 $0.05 san diego small business marketing 0.62 91 91 $0.05 small business marketing plan template 0.67 140 91 $0.05 sample small business marketing plan 0.53 170 73 $2.42 small business marketing austin 0.37 73 73 $0.05 small business marketing indianapolis 0.38 73 73 $0.05 small business marketing program 0.45 91 73 $0.05 small business marketing campaign 0.54 110 73 $0.05 small business marketing campaigns 0.54 110 73 $0.05 small business marketing system 0.39 110 58 $0.05 small business marketing forum 0.39 140 58 $0.05 small business marketing statistics 0.56 73 58 $0.05 small business marketing seattle 0.88 58 58 $0.05 small business marketing for dummies 0.63 140 46 $7.78 small business marketing package 0.68 73 46 $0.05 small business marketing seminar 0.75 58 46 $0.05 small business marketing training 0.83 91 46 $0.05 small business marketing support 0.3 58 36 $0.05 small business marketing automation 0.94 46 36 $0.05 small business marketing group 0.3 36 28 $0.05 small business marketing workshops 0.64 140 28 $0.05 ultimate small business marketing guide 0.28 46 22 $0.05 best small business marketing ideas 0.68 36 22 $0.05 small business marketing speaker 0.61 22 16 $0.05 affordable small business marketing ideas 0.34 140 12 $0.05 small business marketing unleashed 0.62 12 5 $0.05 Here’s where realisation might hit.
There’s usually stiff level of competition for every single keyword on that list, and if you want a real chance of ranking for those keywords, the keywords need to be in your page title. Now, Google probably only counts about 8-12 words in any title, and to rank well, a page needs to have plenty of related terms in the actual text on the page – and generally, it needs to be original text.
Everybody who’s anybody online is writing about that stuff because of the sometimes inordinate about of trust Google allows some sites, wether to make money from display advertising, or to sell related services. Some terms are quite obviously irrelevant and these can be removed, but it’s safe to say, creating decent content around these terms, and adding them to your site, will get some traffic from Google.
If you have a new site, or even a site, like this one, with some measure of domain authority, you would need to sit and work out a content marketing plan based on:
- What my current pages can rank for, with a bit of tweaking
- The chance of new content ranking on my site with a page on each relevant keyword I want to target
If you have a 10 page site, you can quickly calculate those ten pages won’t facilitate getting the best out of those keywords.
Recommended: SEM Rush UK (SEO Tool Review/Keyword Research)
Shaun Anderson: in Keyword Research.
I must say I am enjoying using SEM RUSH (Aff), a keyword research tool for, well, professional keyword snoopers. I had previously steered clear of most of these types of seo tools as I had traditionally found them, while useful, very U.S. centric.
My interest was renewed when I was told about the new SEMRush UK keyword database (as I am UK based obviously):
Currently indexing top 20 results on 6 million keywords across more than 6,4 million domains. 47768 users. Last update: 29 of May 2010
Well – I like it. This tool lets you see:
- which keywords seem to be popular in your niche,
- related keywords, phrases and terms you might consider weaving into your content and linkbuilding strategies
- gives you an idea (when you aggregate the data) which natural listings in Google are providing competitors unpaid traffic
- lists top ranking sites competing for those keywords
- shows you on average how much a click on this keyword is worth in Google Adwords (although it would be nice to see that in Sterling (£) rather than dollars
- illustrates how competitive this term is (in Adwords at least, by number of competition)
- how many (on average) times the keyword or phrase is typed into the UK version of Google
- you can get a cool firefox plugin as well and export research data to usual formats
- …and more
You can really do some neat stuff if you are a keyword monkey. SEM rush has databases for US, UK, Spain, Germany, France & Spain markets if you need to international.
4/5 Stars
Jun 02, 2010 by Shaun Anderson
★★★★
Well – it’s cool – and simple to use (especially if you have REAL data to correlate, aggregate and compare it, with like a few number ones in search engines).
I’m using it at the moment (or I would hesitate to actually blog about it) so here’s the aff link again – there’s a FREE ACCOUNT OPTION with limited features to give you a feel what it’s all about – Click here to find out more about SEM Rush.
I’ll be sharing more keyword research and seo tools shortly, and will review tools if asked. Note – if I don’t like them, I probably won’t blog about the tool (less it is a scam or total crap and then I just might).
If you are interested in keyword research – you might want to check out our group discussion on SEO Keyword Density.
Identifying How Competitive Competition For A Keyword / Market Is
Shaun Anderson: in Keyword Research. (4 Comments)
Unfortunately I was too busy actually doing this stuff at the moment lol to take part in Wordstream’s neat group interview – The Ultimate Guide To Keyword Competition (essentially, determining how competitive a keyword niche is), but it’s neat stuff nevertheless and worth a read and bookmark if you’re drawing plans against a particular keyword vertical.
Before targeting a new keyword vertical, it’s imperative to evaluate the difficulty of the market. This is done through competitive keyword analysis. Search marketers estimate how much time and effort it may take to achieve top rankings for particular keywords or search terms. But the question is, how do you judge keyword competitiveness? What are the factors involved in gauging keyword competition effectively? Is there a specific keyword tool or tools you can use to analyze the competitiveness of keywords?
I might have a go at posting my tip here, later on in the month…. as it’s different from what I see published.
Still, great article
![]()
Note – Check out our article on keywords density and it’s importance in SEO for Google.
SEO: Keyword Research For Beginners With Aaron Wall
Shaun Anderson: in Guest Blogging. (8 Comments)
US based Aaron Wall is quite probably my favourite SEO blogger, and has been since long before I started blogging myself.
I pinged Aaron and asked him if he would take me through the basics of keyword research for those readers of the blog who are just starting out, and help me create a beginner’s guide to keyword research, as it’s one area I’ve not really touched on.
For the complete novice, what is it ?
In the offline world companies spend millions of dollars doing market research to try to understand market demand and market opportunities. Well with search consumers are telling marketers exactly what they are looking for – through the use of keywords. And there are tons of free and paid keyword research tools out there to help you understand your market. In addition to those types of tools lots of other data points can be included as part of your strategy, including:
- data from your web analytics tools (if you already have a website)
- running test AdWords campaigns (to buy data and exposure directly from Google…and they have a broad match option where if you bid on auto insurance it will match queries like cheap detroit auto insurance)
- competitive research tools (to get a basic idea of what is working for the established competition)
- customer interactions and feedback
- mining and monitoring forums and question and answer type websites (to find common issues and areas of opportunity)
Just how important is it in the mix for a successful SEO campaign?
Keywords are huge. Without doing keyword research most projects don’t create much traction (unless they happen to be something surprisingly original and/or viral and/or of amazing value). If you are one of those remarkable businesses that to some degree creates a new category (say an iPhone) then SEO is not critical to success. But those types of businesses are rare.
The truth is most businesses are prettymuch average, or a little bit away from it, with a couple unique specialties and/or marketing hooks. SEO helps you discover and cater to existing market demand and helps you attach your business to growing trends through linguistics. You can think of SEO implications for everything from what you name your business, which domain names you buy, how you name your content, which page titles you use, and the on page variation you work into page content.
Keyword research is not a destination, but an iterative process.For large authority sites that are well trusted you do not have to be perfect to compete and build a business, but if your site is thin or new in a saturated field then keyword research is absolutely crucial. And even if your website is well trusted then using effective keyword strategy helps create what essentially amounts to free profits and expanded business margins because the cost of additional relevant search exposure is cheap, but the returns can be great because the traffic is so targeted. And since a #1 ranking gets many multiples of traffic that a #3 or #4 ranking would get, the additional returns of improving rankings typically far exceed the cost of doing so (at least for now, but as more people figure this out the margins will shrink to more normal levels.)
Where do you start?
What kind of ambitions do you have? Are they matched by an equivalent budget? How can you differentiate yourself from competing businesses? Are there any other assets (market data, domain names, business contacts, etc.) you can leverage to help build your new project? Does it make sense to start out overtly commercial, or is there an informational approach that can help you gain traction quicker? I recently saw a new credit card site launching off of the idea of an industry hate site “credit cards will ruin your life”.
After they build link equity they can add the same stuff that all the other thin affiliate websites have, but remain different AND well linked to. Once you get the basic business and marketing strategy down then you can start to feel out the market for ideas as to how broad or narrow to make your website and start mapping out some of your keyword strategy against URLs. And if you are uncertain about an idea I am a big fan of launching a blog and participating in the market and seeing what you can do to find holes in the market, build social capital, build links, and build an audience – in short, build leverage…once you have link equity you can spend it any way you like (well almost).
And (especially if you are in a small market with limited search data) before you spend lots of money on building your full site and link building it makes sense to run a test campaign on AdWords and build from that data. Doing so can save you a lot of money in the long run, and that is one of the reasons my wife was so eager to start a blog about PPC. Her first few campaigns really informed the SEO strategy and she fell in love with the near instantaneous feedback that AdWords offers.
What does keyword research involve?
Keyword research can be done in many different stages of the SEO process – everything from domain name selection, to planning out an initial site map, to working it into the day to day content creation process for editorial staff of periodical content producers. And you can use your conversion, ranking, and traffic data to help you discover
- new topics to write about
- ways to better optimize your existing site and strategy
- anchor text to target when link building
One of the more ambitious keyword strategies I have seen mentioned publicly is how Brent Payne does SEO for the Tribune company. Keyword research helps define everything from what site hosts the content, to the page title, right on through to what anchor text to use when cross linking into hot news.
Which tools can be used to create a successful keyword list spread?
There are so many great keyword tools that it is sorta hard to keep track of it all. I try to list most of the general keyword research tools I like here and we have a keyword tool which is powered by Wordtracker which also cross-references a lot of other useful keyword tools.
Google has the best overall keyword data because of their huge search market share. Their (fairly) new Search-based keyword tool is awesome, but for some odd reason sometimes Google will skip showing some related keywords that you would expect them to show, unless you search for exactly those words. Due to that selective and random filtering of Google’s data, it also makes it important to use other keyword research tools to help fill in the gaps. This is where tools like Wordtracker and WordStream‘s keyword tool shine.
In addition, many search engines recommend search queries to searchers via search suggest options that drop down from the search box. We have an SEO site planner tool for our paying members which helps them grab this data from multiple sources and use it to help plan out their site structure. Such search suggest tools are typically driven by search query volume with popular keyword variations rising to the top.
Six other ways to build (or expand) fairly large keyword lists are our keyword list generator, broad or phrase matched bidding on Google AdWords, looking at your web analytics data, competitive research tools, viewing link anchor text of competing websites, and any sort of structured data (like a Google News RSS feed, a Twitter feed, top seller lists on Amazon.com, a Delicious tag list, etc.).
How much keyword research do you do on a project?
It depends on how serious of a commitment the project is. Sometimes we put up test sites that are start off far from perfect and then iteratively improve and reinvest in the ones that perform the best.
If we know a site is going to be core to our overall strategy I wouldn’t be against using 10 different keyword tools to create a monster list of terms, and then run that list through the Google AdWords API to get a bit more data about each. On one site I know we ended up making a list of 100,000+ keywords, sorted by value, then started checking off the relevant keywords.
Do the keywords change as the project progresses?
Yes and no. Meaning as your site gains more link authority you will be able to rank better for broader keywords that you might not have ranked for right off the start. BUT that does not mean that you should have avoided targeting those keywords off the start. Instead I look for ways to target easier keywords that also help me target harder higher traffic keywords. For example, if I aim to rank a page for “best credit cards” then that page should also be able to rank well (eventually) for broader keywords like “credit cards.”
You can use a tool like SEO for Firefox to see how competitive the search results are and if you have enough resources to compete for a particular phrase.
You can think of your keyword traffic profile as a bit of a curve (by how competitive the query is and the number of keywords in the search query). This type of traffic distribution curve starts off for new sites far to the right (low competition keywords with few matches in the search index that are thus easy to rank for based on on-page optimization, often with many words in each search query) and then as a site builds link authority and domain authority that curve moves left, because you are able to compete for some of the more competitive keywords … which often have their results determined more based on links-based metrics.
Can you give me an example how you would keyword research a specific niche – the steps you’d normally take?
Everything is custom based on if a site exists or is brand new. And if it exists how much authority does the site have? How much revenue does it have? There is not really a set normal.
Sometimes while doing keyword research I come to the conclusion that the costs of ranking are beyond the potential risk-adjusted returns. Other times there is a hole in the market that is somewhat small or large. Depending on assets and resources (and how the project compares to our other sites) we might have vastly different approaches.
But a general starting point for a general website is discussed in our site architecture section of our training materials, and here is a graphic for sorta an example of how we would map out keyword permutations and modifiers against URLs.
How would you deploy your keyword research in 3 areas – on page, on site, and in links
The above image sorta highlights our site building strategy. As far as on page optimization goes, in the past it was all about repetition. That changed around the end of 2003, with the Google Florida update.
Now it is more about making sure the page has the keyword in the title and maybe sprinkled a bit about the page content, but also that there is adequate usage of keyword modifiers, variation in word order, and variation in plurality. Rather than worrying about the perfect keyword density try to write a fairly natural sounding page (as though you knew nothing about SEO), and then maybe go back to some keyword research tools and look at some competing pages for keyword modifiers and alternate word forms that you can try to naturally work into the copy of the page and headings on the page.
As far as links go, it is smart to use some variation in those as well. Though the exact amount need depends in part on site authority (large authoritative sites can generally be far more aggressive than smaller lesser trusted websites can). The risk of being too aggressive is that you can get your page filtered out (if, say, you have thousands of links and they all use the exact same link anchor text).
There is not a yes/no exact science that says do xyz across the board, but generally if you want to improve the ranking of a specific page then pointing targeted link anchor text at that page is generally one of the best ways to do so. But there is also a rising tides lift all boats effect to where if you get lots of links into any section of your website that will also help other parts of your site rank better – so sometimes it makes sense to create content around linking opportunities rather than just trying to build links into an unremarkable commercial web page.
Is there anything people should avoid when compiling keyword research?
I already sorta brushed off keyword density. In addition, many people worry about KEI or other such measures of competition, but as stated above, even if a keyword is competitive it is often still worth creating a page about it which happens to target it AND keywords that contain it + other modifiers (i.e. best credit cards for credit cards).
Don’t look for any keyword tool to be perfect or exact. Be willing to accept rough ranges and relative volumes rather than expecting anything to be exactly perfect.
A huge portion of search queries (over 25%) are quite rare and have few searches. Many such words do not appear on public keyword tools (in part due to limited sampling size for 3rd party tools and in part because search engines want advertisers to get into bidding wars on the top keywords rather than buying cheap clicks that nobody else is bidding on).
Once you start getting feedback from ranking data that is THE BEST data you will ever get because…
- it is actual market data (no estimations required)
- it is unique to your site (which means not everyone else has access to it)
- it tells you what is already working (so you can look for ways to do more of it)
An example of that third point is to take your traffic and/or earnings data by keyword from your analytics and plug those keywords into a rank checker. Look for high earning or high traffic keywords that do not rank #1 and try to think of how you could improve those rankings (like changing page titles, creating new content based on those keywords, and/or link building).
Thanks Aaron!
![]()
So there you have it. Keyword research for beginners from somebody who knows what he’s on about
![]()
Make sure you visit Aaron at SEO Book – it’s one of my regular destinations and subscribing to his feed should be a pre-requisite if you do SEO in any shape or form.
How Often Should Keywords Appear On Your Page?
Shaun Anderson: in Keyword Research. (4 Comments)
I just did a test on another site to see if I could identify a sweet spot in the amount of times a keyword is repeated. From other tests I have looked at I think a perfect keyword density sweet spot is clearly a myth. but keyword prominence/repetition/stuffing is clearly – not.
I got the idea when I was looking at a slide by Google employees where they mention in simple terms how Google ranks a page and I quote:
How well it matches – How often keywords appear
Is it really “easier than you think?”
My test consisted of
- 15 pages of text
- 2 keyword phrases (real words, not made up)
- On each consecutive page I removed an instance of the word and introduced a new word (so I could do the same test backwards in case any document date modified came into play)
- I waited for Google to spider, and searched for my 2 different terms
The results (I can’t illustrate this one)
Google picked the 2 keyword stuffed pages at either end of the test to rank for the desired terms (and ranked them number 1). By the way, the KD of those pages for the phrases were 18.64% just to let you see there’s clearly no optimal keyword density.
No wonder keyword stuffing is against Google guidelines – it works.
I wonder if different keyword verticals (loans, injury claims, online betting) have different boundaries that can be breached and penalised.
Keyword stuffing is cleary against Google guidelines – so I wouldn’t recommend you do it. I repeat – be careful. I do prefer to keep it as natural as possible because ultimately it’s about your incoming backlinks and your domain authority.
Just make sure you’re aware of one thing Google is looking for:
How often keywords appear
Keyword Density SEO Experts Calculate The Perfect % (Percent)
Shaun Anderson Hobo: in Keyword Research. (34 Comments)
Update – A few years later – we get some answers from Google itself……
I asked some of the world’s top Google seo people and bloggers what they thought about Keyword Density after talking privately with Tedster, of Webmasterworld.
What is keyword density in seo? Is there an ideal, or safe amount?
Definition:
- Keyword density (SEO) (%) is the percentage of times a keyword or key phrase appears on a web page in comparison with the total number of words on the page. …
Hi Shaun, Did you catch my little provocation in the SEOmoz interview? My point of view may not be the majority opinion among webmasters, but I came to it by studying data from the SERPs (there’s quite a wide variation in keyword density) and by reading the search engine patents of recent years. That especially includes Google’s six phrase-based indexing patents, as we discussed on WebmasterWorld
And now for some history. In the 90s this idea caught fire that there was a movable “sweet spot” in the rankng algorithms for keyword density. The idea was that the dial would get turned all the time, especially at AltaVista – which was the “do or die” place to rank in those days. Some early SEO software attempted to reverse engineer the various theoretical sweet spots in the algorightms on a monthly basis – for density, prominence, occurence and other factors.
That was the 90s, with search engine algorithms that were dumb as a doorpost. Whether any of them really used keyword density as a direct metric I can’t say with certainty – but I even doubt that. At any rate, today’s algorithms handle keyword stuffing abuses almost as a side effect of the many elements they are processing. They don’t even NEED to take a direct measurement.
This doesn’t mean that a density tool can’t give a webmaster some useful feedback. It can alert you when you go way overboard and don’t realize it. Likewise, you’ll get a wake-up call if you overlook having even a single use of your target keyword in text.
With so many keyword density tools online to attract eyeballs, this idea seems to be a myth that will not die. Many webmasters swear by it and just assume that density is somehow a sophisticated SEO tool that they must use to succeed online.
But among professional SEOs, you won’t usually hear such talk. For example, Rand Fishkin and I see eye to eye on this. Check out this article on SEOmoz, where he surveyed 37 prominent SEOs about search engine ranking factors. The word “density” is not even on the page!
Like everything in search – it has evolved. I think the old kw density calc is the new proximity calc.
- If the keyword isn’t on the page – it isn’t going to rank well (or at all) for that keyword.
- If the keyword isn’t in the title of the page, it is going to be tougher to rank for that keyword.
- If the keyword isn’t in the url, the task becomes more difficult.
- What about in a big header on the page?
- What about high on the page, or strategically spaced throughout the document?
- Offsite density? Anchor text is another type of density.
I think keyword density needs to be changed to proximity density. It is closer heat map today than the pure numbers game of old.
Rand Fishkin: ‘Modern Search Engine’s Have Never Used Keyword Density‘
Shaun – the truth is simply that modern search engines have never used keyword density. Look through any intro to information retrieval course in any university on the planet and you’ll see that it’s been debunked as a high-cost, low return metric. Instead, they use term weight – TF*IDF – check out some good work on the subject from Dr. Edel Garcia (one of the few information retrieval scientists whose crossed over into seo):
Aaron Wall; ‘Keyword Density is an Over-rated Concept’
I think keyword density is an over-rated concept. Even with similar keyword densities one page may rank while another does not. And that’s true even if they have the same link profile. That in and of itself should show the (lack of) value of keyword density.
To explain how that concept works, consider a page that uses the exact same keywords at the start of the page title, at the start of their h1 tag, and in all their inbound anchor text. It may get filtered for being too closely aligned with the target keyword. Now imagine that the same page is redone, shifting word order is some spots, shifting singular to plural in some spots. Now the same page may not get filtered even if it has the same or similar keyword density.
Keyword density also has two toxic side effects. Some people write what ends up sounding like robotic copy. Others, in an attempt to increase keyword density, end up editing out important keyword modifiers and semantically related phrases, which not only lowers their traffic (since they took many relevant words off the page), but also makes their page look less like other top ranked pages.
Ruud Hein; ‘The idea of keyword density has the attractiveness of the flat earth argument: it “just makes sense” and “everyone can see it for himself!’
It seems common sense that a document about Google will use the word Google more often while a document about Yahoo will use the word Yahoo more often. It also seems common sense that there should be some kind of cut-off point after which things don’t become more relevant upon repetition but instead become spam.
In other words: there must be an optimum ratio of keywords:words. Keyword density! Ta-da!
The idea: if you are within a certain range, the “sweet spot”, you’re relevant. Under it and you’re irrelevant. Over it and it’s spam.
There are some clues we can use to figure out if our “well, it must be so” observations are correct or not.
A very compelling clue is that search engines are in the science of information retrieval — and that in the science of information retrieval keyword density doesn’t play a role. Apart from academic “proof of (non) concept” models, there are no information retrieval models based on keyword density, certainly not commercial ones. This should be more than a clue to us. It should be an annoyingly loud alarm bell: if I reason with the theory of keyword density but the very science behind search engines doesn’t give that theory any credibility … am I still on the right path?
Another clue comes from thinking about the words we use. One document has a keyword density of 3.25%, another a keyword density of 0.05%. Which one would be in the relevant keyword density range? … Now what if I were to tell you that the 0.05% keyword is mataeotechny (an unprofitable art or science… like keyword density), a word that appears 55 times on the web (56 times now…)? Some words “weigh” more, “mean” more simply because they’re less used than others. The theory of keyword density as a prediction model of relevancy fails terribly here, giving enormous weight to commonly used words and hardly any to rare words.
Yet another clue is the formula to arrive at “relevant” keyword density. That formula goes “number of keywords on words” then some magic happens “is relevant or not”.
If keyword density were to be used to provide some kind of cut-off point, some kind of spam filter…. how would the cut-off point be calculated? By calculating the keyword density of every document, then taking the means of that? But what about our mataeotechny example? Oh, you would like to account for words that appear less often in the index? You just left the keyword density building and crossed the street into term weights.
If your gut keeps telling you this just has to be true, I recommend reading and rereading the articles by Dr. E. Garcia until you either “get it” or can show for yourself where he blunders.
Shaun – Repetition of keywords seems to have at least some effect on the rankings for those terms, particularly when combined with other factors such as the use of heading tags and title tag. However the effect is quickly lost if you stuff the keywords.
If you imagine that the glass can only contain a finite amount of liquid and your keywords are separate glasses, the more keywords the more glasses how you divvy up the liquid is almost irrelevant as you still have only a certain amount of liquid to start with.
Lyndon Antcliff; ‘I don’t do it mathematically’
Yes and no. I don’t do it mathematically, but I make sure the keyword is there, and in the title and h1 tags ect.
I guess I have done it long enough I don’t really think about. I think the antonyms and synonyms are more important than density, in fact there are a number of factors which are.
But I think it’s best not to obsess and concentrate on a natural feel , if that is achieved correct keyword density will come naturally.
Sebastian; ‘Optimal keyword density is a myth’
Oh well, I thought that thingy was beaten to death already. “Optimal keyword density” is a myth.
Todays search engines are way to smart to fall for such poor optimization methods.
Even a single inbound link with a good anchor text can boost a page lacking the keyword in question so that it outranks every page with tuned keyword density.
Focus more on writing good relative content, proper page structure and decent link building than keyword density. I remember when I first started in SEO, I had an Desktop Software Application checking my pages and telling me that I was short in my keyword density. So I stuffed more keywords in till the application was happy.
Then I released it into the search engines. The page never really ranked that highly. What was worse the client wasn’t too happy that his page read crap as well. I’ve never looked at keyword density since.
Barry Welford; ‘Keyword density gets less and less relevant all the time…’
Hi Shaun – Happy to get involved. Keyword density gets less and less relevant all the time, at least for Google with Latent Semantic Analysis, Personalized Search, etc., etc.
Most results come from the ‘long tail’ of combinations of keywords. What counts is conversions to sales, if that’s your real business objective. Poorly executed SEO may even work against conversions if it turns off human prospects.
John Carcutt; ‘Natural language seems to fare just as well if not better’
Ask around; what is the best keyword density for a web page to rank well for a given term? Searching on the internet I found answers ranging from 2% to 12% and one as high as 20%. The interesting thing is they could all be right.
The one thing many people fail to take into consideration when looking for this magical number is the idea that it changes based on factors related to the page or search term. Additionally, its importance in the algorithm may also fluctuate based on external influences. Instead of hunting for that perfect density, it may help to better understand what part keywords play in getting a page ranked.
I shouldn’t have to say it, but unfortunately I do; a keyword or phrase needs to be on the page in order to rank well for the term. Can a page rank if the term is not on the page? Sure if it has inbound links using the terms, but it’s not going to rank very well on those alone. Using the keyword or phrase in a variety of ways throughout a page will greatly increase the chances of showing up higher in the rankings for that term.
Now back to density… Proper keyword density is a moving target. Two main factors are the total amount of words on a page and the competitiveness of the phrase in the engines.
When there are very few words on a page 6% density is a tough target to hit and make the copy readable. However, when the page has a large amount of copy 6% is much more manageable. When analyzing a page 6% of 1000 words may seem much less “spammy” than 6% of 100 words. The optimal keyword density of a page will change based on how many total words are on the page.
If a keyword phrase is unique and the competition in the search engines is low, a much lower or much higher keyword density may work just fine. The overall effect density has on search results is much broader when there is little or no competition. As the competition for a phrase increases, the keyword density target becomes more critical. Ironically, the density also plays a smaller and smaller part in ranking as the competition for a phrase increases.
To be fair, I tell people on a regular basis to target a 4% keyword density on a page. I do this primarily to get them thinking about how to use keywords on a page. I find having a set target is a good motivator and really helps a webmaster or site owner to understand the importance of targeting a page to a specific phrase or set of words.
The hunt for the perfect keyword density is slowing down as more people realize natural language seems to fare just as well if not better in the search engine results. If you understand the fundamentals of targeting a page for a phrase, there is no reason to worry about keyword density. Just write good copy.
Keyword density plays a significant role in ranking but like your meta data, domain age, backlinks, anchor text, or any other aspect of your page and domain, how your page ranks is always determined by the sum of its parts. Surrounding content and the amount of times in which your keyword phrase appears says a lot about the page and what it means. In fact, it should be obvious that it’s one of the most important indicators.
Using simple techniques such as bolding your phase or placing it within H2 tags will stress the importance of this phrase when your page is being crawled. Other things to consider would be placement within the page’s URL, title, description, and linking your phase to a site that also speaks to the content you’re creating. Be sure not to over-do-it however. If you’re keyword stuffing and it looks spammy to you then the chances of it looking spammy to a bot are probably pretty high. After you create your page you can use a simple density checking tool like http://www.ranks.nl/tools/spider.html to see how often your phrase is showing up.
Bill Slawski; ‘more likely folklore than fact’
Shaun – Just for a different perspective, I took a look at the USPTO database, which only goes back to the early 2000s, and at Google Scholar.
There are 15 granted patents and 48 patent applications that use the phrase “keyword density.” None of those are from Google or Yahoo, and only a very few are from Microsoft and IBM, which also work in enterprise search. A number of the patent filings were applied for by Overture around the time of their acquisition by Yahoo, but focus upon paid search, referring to keyword density as something that non paid search may be using.
Google Scholar reveals 208 instances of the phrase “keyword density,” and none of the documents listed appear to come from anyone working at a major search engine, though a 2006 paper from a Lycos researcher suggests the use of keyword density.
I’ve always considered keyword density to be more likely folklore than fact. I don’t think that will change.
Jim Boykin; ‘not a good metric for SEO’
“keyword Density” (using a ratio of keywords to the total text on a page) is not a good metric for SEO anymore.
Yes, your keywords should be on the page…but beyond that, writing “naturally” is better SEO than worrying about keyword density.
Shana Albert; ‘I don’t use a calculator’
Personally, I don’t use a calculator… nor do I don’t count the words in my post, but I am careful about the keywords I choose and I do eyeball my posts to see how long it is roughly. I’ve been a Webmaster enough years now that I don’t need to calculate the amount of words in my articles to know roughly how many keywords I would need to make the keyword density about right.
I have found that if I worry about the amount of times that a keyword or key phrase needs to appear throughout one of my posts or articles then my writing doesn’t flow very well. And, if my articles don’t flow well…. I’m going to lose my readers. If the people arriving on one of my sites don’t enjoy reading my work it doesn’t really matter if readers can find my in the serps or not….. they won’t be sticking around long enough to finish reading my choppy, non-flowing article. So, I try to worry less about keywords and more about content.
Don’t get me wrong…. I still think about keyword density. It’s just not my main focus….the content is. I come up with the keyword(s) I want to focus on in my post and then write. If I need to tweak my post with more or less keywords once it’s written…. I do so then.
Tad Chef; ‘I stopped “measuring” keyword density years ago’
I stopped “measuring” keyword density years ago. Instead I concentrated on keyword placement on the page using a rule of thumb stating that 3 instances of a keyword in the page copy is the minimum plus one for each 100 additional words you write makes sense. So I focused on the “where in the copy” using the keyword in the first sentence of the of the first paragraph etc. A year ago Google introduced the “Google bomb filter” which in practice checks if a page that is linked with a certain anchor text also contains this keyword.
At the end of 2007 I could test this as a client of mine was unable to grant me access to his site for internal reasons and I had to start with off site optimization first. He did not rank at all for the keywords I did link building for as long as the pages I linked did not contain the keywords.
So it is obvious that you still have to tell Google on the page what it is actually about. So you might want to check out which terms or words are the most used on your page. On the other hand you should always think of the user first as some terms just aren’t suitable to be repeated too much. Google does an increasingly good job at identifying
synonyms, acronyms and different spellings as one and the same term. So try to sound natural above all as otherwise the engine will find you but your visitors will bounce. Btw. Yahoo does not like high keyword density at all.
Matt Ridout; ‘I never calculate the keyword density’
This is a topic I’ve heard a lot about from all corners of the web and everyone seems to have a varied opinion on it. I can only base by answer on my personal experience and my clients experience.
Is it a myth – no. If you want to rank for a keyword it obviously needs to be visible on the page, this should be a common understanding. Not just in the body copy but tagged appropriately and in the page title, description etc.
I never calculate the keyword density at all, it’s like saying to an artist you have too much red on your canvas, use a calculator to work out how much more to add or subtract from the painting. If you follow simple seo guidelines and do good keyword research you should be fine. At the end of the day it’s about the user experience on your site that you should be concentrating on, and stuffing a page full of keywords will just take something away from their experience and could harm your brand.
Bill Hartzer; ‘I don’t spend a lot of time measuring keyword density’
At this point in the game, in 2008, I don’t spend a lot of time measuring keyword density. I believe that, overall, there are a lot of other factors that weight in just as much–if not more–than keyword density.
If you feel that you need to measure it, I would take a look at the current search results pages: measure the keyword density of the top 5-10 pages that are ranking well and get an average. I wouldn’t go too much higher or too much lower than what the average keyword density is on those pages that are already ranking well.
But again, I recently overheard a search engineer say, “keyword density is the biggest myth out there right now.”
Hamlet Batista; ‘two fundamental flaws’
I don’t believe modern search engines use keyword density as one of their query-dependent ranking factors. Keyword density, as we know it, has two fundamental flaws:
- Keyword density is only a local weight. The fact that a word appears many times on an specific page doesn’t help much in telling what is the page about when comparing it to other pages in the index. For example, what if the word that repeats the most is “www”? Google counts 21,940,000,000 documents with that word. That is probably not what most of those pages are about.
- Keywords density is easily manipulated by enough repetition.
I believe, as explained by Dr Garcia, that what search engines really use is term/keyword weights. Term weights don’t have the same flaws keyword density has.
Keyword weights are computed by : KW = Local* Global * Normalization.
- Keyword weights consider both local and global weights. A phrase that appears many times in a document but also appears in many other documents should have less weight than one that doesn’t appear as often. We can call this “rarity”. The only way search engines can tell documents apart is by paying attention to what words make them different. This is possible thanks to the Global component of that equation.
- Keyword weights are normalized. In order to avoid the difference in document sizes and repetition issues, weights are normalized. That is, their values are replaced by corresponding (directly proportional) values between 0 and 1.
The vector space model is one approach that has been explained as a way to measure the term weights. The cosine similarity is a very interesting concept that if/when current search engines implement it, we will see search results where the keywords do not appear in the content of the page or the text in the links pointing to the page. I personally don’t think vector space model is currently in use in modern search engines. The size of the vectors to make such computations at query time is simply too big. PageRank computation uses matrices of massive size, but PageRank is query-independent and it is pre-computed before any query is performed.
From the SEO point of view, I do see some limited use for keyword density, though. Let’s say for example, when you are simply comparing a single page to another for a very specific keyword you are targeting. Remember that when search engines compute the weights they are trying to determine the relevance of each page; but when we see the page ranking we already know that. So, we only need to determine why the search engine deemed that page important for that particular phrase. Assuming off-page factors are the same/similar, the keyword density can be useful in figuring that out as the term weight will be directly proportional.
Comparing top ten pages, averaging their values and thinking about a perfect keyword density of x% is definitely a waste of time.
Kevin Heisler; ‘Is Keyword Density Shite?’
hmmmm….. Is “keyword density†shite? I love that term. Write shite in exactly 2.5 percent of the total words in your post and you’ll rank number one for “shite.â€
That’s the basis for keyword density. Obviously, every document has a specific keyword density for any given keyword. That doesn’t mean that Google has weighted each word so that tweaks in word number would always improve rankings.
The best any SEO can do? Test, make a hypothesis, test again. Even with multiple reiterations, the test would still only provide anecdotal evidence KD matters. Plus, there’s no way to isolate KD – or any element – from all the variables of a test, as well as the dynamic natural search landscape. Do your seo competitors have zero impact on your SEO tactics?
The effectiveness of optimizing metadata elements always stimulates great debates. What’s unique about KD? Keyword density ostensibly has an “optimal†percentage. That’s one reason why the KD theory is so often ridiculed.
The most-cited debunking of the myth, The Keyword Density of Non-Sense, was written by Dr. Edel Garcia (Orion), whose good friend, Mike Grehan, asked him after SES New York (2005) to do something about the unproven KD theories swirling around.
You can find the study in Mike Grehan’s newsletter, then co-authored with Christine Churchill, CEO of Key Relevance.
Garcia wrote an analysis combining IR (information retrieval), semantics and math but “no conclusion so readers could draw their own.â€
Nacho Hernandez brought this article to Rand Fishkin’s attention in the Search Engine Watch Forums. Rand’s reaction here. Rand was 90 days into developing a keyword density tool to measure on-page term weight. After reading Orion’s article, he concluded “only an extraordinary budget and very talented programmer could build such a thing.â€
There’s a grain of truth in keyword density theory: Google does look at keyword density in spam reduction, setting an undefined upper limit on keyword stuffing. Michael Gray has even debunked that concept with anecdotal evidence, showing how insanely high keyword density can rank high.
Sexy SEO; ‘Snake Oil SEO’
Keyword Density? Why don’t you ask about meta tags or submit robots instead? Do you think I am ancient enough to remember that mouldy question of early 90ies? Well, believe me I am not! But I have something to say, but only if you ask. Honestly, it’s a great gimmick of all those snake oil SEOs who hit their customers and run away with their dollars. Yes, the concept is easy to grasp and even the dumbest of the dumb will see that you are doing some work on their site. Yes, it might possibly push the page in question 10 positions up in SERPS from page 2000 to page 1999. Your customer will even see the result this way. Ugly, dirty, but it works. Great concept.
Now seriously, if 10 years ago it might have been one of just about a dozen factors counted by SE in their ranking algos, nowadays they’d become a way more sophisticated. Certainly it never harms to have your target keywords in the text of your page and preferably not in one sentence, but that’s ABC of SEO. It sometimes helps to have one keyword of a pair to be repeated much more often than the second one. And no doubts you should use your target keywords in URL, Title, meta tags etc but that’s not even KD proper.
How would you see the degree in which on-site optimization decreased over the past 10 years? Now how about on-page optimization? Well, the importance of KD as a ranking factor decreased proportionally, and even if some might find this fact to a bit inconvenient for their sales tactics, it’s still stands as a fact.
No time-wasters next time please!
Wiep Knoll; ‘better to focus on keyword presence’
Instead of looking at keyword density, I think it’s better to focus on keyword presence. Make sure that you’ve put the keyword(s) you’re targeting in your page’s title tag, meta description and in the content part.
Don’t stuff in extra keywords just to get that magic 3,22% or 7,08% keyword density (or whatever percentage you’re aiming to get), but make it look natural in stead.
If you let someone else read the text and he or she thinks it’s a good read ánd can explain exactly what the page is about, you’re probably ok. The anchor texts of incoming links and the surrounding text of those links will do the rest…
Brian Clark; ‘KD a non-factor’
As far as I’m concerned for Google keyword density is a non-factor. I’m not saying the algorithms don’t take it into account at all, but I am saying it’s a bit fruitless to even worry about. Plus, in this day and age of the link and conversion mattering most, worrying about keyword density when you should be focusing on clear, actionable copy seems to be beside the point.
Keyword frequency matters to a certain degree, one would think. But again, if your writing comes off stilted and awkward, you’re shooting yourself in the foot. Pay attention to titles and subheads, and creatively make the keywords and copy flow at those crucial points. Then go back and read the rest afterwards.
If your keywords and a few choice synonyms didn’t show up naturally in the body text, you’re probably not covering the topic all that well.
Brian Turner; ‘Do I use keyword density? No’
Re: Keyword density Google: What is a good keyword density? It’s always important to properly utilise keywords on a page in such a way as to describe
- the meaning of the page,
- the uniqueness of the page, and
- the action required for users (if any) on the page.
Google & co have published various pages over the years that show that:
- they understand that there are linguistic relationships between certain types of words, whether between individual keywords or even acronyms, and
- block analysis should be presumed to be already in play, so work as though search engines can determine the meaning not simply of paragraphs, but also of individual blocks of text.
Page copy should ideally look to justify the keywords in the titles, headers, and further links by directly referencing these in the text, plus related keywords as required, and all in a format that enhances readability for human users in the relevant text areas of a page.
Do I use keyword density? No – I think the aim is to write intelligent copy and it’s important to bear in mind the impact of major ranking factors such as domain authority, page titles, and links (on-page and off-page).
If non-SEOs try to focus on keyword density I think they are more likely to both overlook these, and additionally treat keyword density as nothing more than a way to reduce useful pages into unreadable spam that denigrates the user experience, have little or no ranking impact, and prevent the page from converting as intended.
However, if a really good seo copywriter uses any particular method in their craft, I’m not going to denigrate it as the most important thing in my opinion is simply a successful outcome, regardless if any part of the process may seem esoteric to outsiders.
SEO Keyword Density – I never aim for a ‘good’ keyword density for Google – I firmly believe the word only needs to be featured once on a good quality web page. If a keyword phrase is in the links, anchor text, title and on the page that’s good enough. I never calculate keyword density, I never use keyword density tools or density checkers to try and measure a optimum keyword density – if I have time to calculate KD, I should have time to look at more rewarding areas of site optimisation or authority building – all well within Google guidelines of course.
Does keyword density matter? I don’t think so. Hmmmm I wonder if I used ‘Keyword Density’ enough in this blog post (Insert%)
![]()
What is the correct keyword density for Google? It is not really my thing because with blogs, if you have a keyword in the title, your keyword density changes depending on comments and trackbacks including the words.
If you don’t use a description, and even when you do, you quite often end up with the text for a trackback appearing in the snippet.
If you really want to maintain density, you can use a commenting system such as Disqus, but then your comments are hosted on a different domain, and you lose the benefit of the long tail and update frequency.
Summary
The vast majority of Google seo here think there’s no optimal keyword density percent. It does not matter if you use WordPress, Joomal or Drupal (or any cms) most modern search engines probably do not count keyword density when analysing a html web page, blog posts, title, headers or links, for ranking purposes. Instead of using tools to measure keyword density, think about keyword optimization in terms of keyword prominence, keyword proximity and co-ocurring keywords in a document.
There is a lot of seo advice on keyword density. Anything from keeping it under a number like 10%, or greater than 1% – truth is, it is probably a seo myth.
Tilde Search Operator – 10 Second Keyword Research Tip
Shaun Anderson: in Keyword Research. (8 Comments)
i am an seo, but I don’t keyword research every single post using a tool like Google Keyword Research Tool. I usually keep that for a bit more indepth analysis and exploratory work.
Most of the time when I blog I am aiming for one particluar phrase, but sometimes I will use a tilde in my search to find what Google thinks are related terms, or synonyms. Google likes a page that contains original text with related terms, so it’s useful to have a peek and see what Google thinks are related terms.
It’s easy to use the Tilde Search Operator - Add “~” before your word (it’s called a tilde).
For instance, here’s the search for “~Hobo” – Without the quotes of course
You immediately see the term Tramp, History of the Book @ Oxford, & Recluse.
It really is 2 second keyword research for Google SEO, ideal for blog posts anyway.
If you are interested in the magic of keyword research – find out about the best keyword density to aim for.






Tedster



Sebastian
Barry Welford
John Carcutt
Brendan Picha
Bill Slawski
Jim Boykin
Shana Albert
Tad Chef
Bill Hartzer
Hamlet Batista
Kevin Heisler
Brian Clark
Hobo